Basics of Business Ecomomics: Demand and Supply
 
Consumers are consistently evaluating their choices to maximize the value to themselves.  Consumers determine the value of a product by analyzing it relative to these two questions:
 
What is the perceived benefit of a particular product in time for the consumer?
 
What is the estimated overall product cost including the perceived shopping cost to obtain the product?
 
Each consumer places different values on these questions based on their own unique wants.  Consumers actively weigh the benefit obtained from purchasing the product in time with the cost of obtaining the product.  The product with the highest value will be the option the consumer purchases.
 
The level of demand depends on the amount of customer value the product provides. 
 
Producers are constantly trying to maximize profits.  Profits will attract the entry of new competitors into a market and supply will increase. 
 
Producers strive to gain an edge which differentiates them from competitors which allows them to make more profits.  Producer can differentiate by performing different activities or perform similar activities in different ways.
 
The competitiveness of the capitalist system make it difficult for producers to make extraordinary profits over long periods of time. 
 
The level of supply depends on the amount of profit the production of the product provides. 
 
Example of Concept
 
During the first stage of a business' life, the business starts as a single product company in a single market.  If the business is found to be successful, competitors are going to try to imitate the company to share in its profits.  To fight back the business will strive to gain sustainable differentiation from their competition through its brand, scale, and technology to help them earn profits in excess of their competition.  The challenge for the business is to continue to make the right investments in its brand, scale, and technology to keep it ahead of its competition.

 
For a further explanation of Business Economics read:
Principles of Business Economics
Contents
1. Business Economics:  Overview
2. Analysis of Consumer Demand
3. Analysis of Production Costs
4. Analysis of the Firm's Supply Decisions
5. Analysis of Price Determination
6. Analysis of Perfectly Competitive Markets
7. Analysis of Monopoly Markets
8. Analysis of Monopolistically Competitive Markets
9. Analysis of Oligopoly Markets
10. Managerial Objectives and the Firm
11. Competition and Competitive Strategy
12. Understanding Pricing Strategies
13. Investment Appraisal
14. Understanding the Labour Market
15. Government and Business
16. Business and Economic Forecasting
17. Business Economics - A Checklist for Managers